Finastelad 1 mg (Finasteride)

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Description

Active ingredient: Finasteride
Type: 5α-reductase inhibitor
Form: Oral (pills)

Description

Finasteride is a potent and highly selective third-generation non-steroidal reversible aromatase inhibitor. It specifically inhibits type II and III 5α-reductase enzymes, making it an antiandrogen. By reducing the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), finasteride decreases DHT production in the prostate gland and scalp. It effectively inhibits the impact of DHT on prostate adenoma development, leading to a decrease in gland enlargement, improved urinary flow, and alleviation of associated symptoms. However, it may take several months of treatment to observe clinical symptom reduction.

Mechanism of action

Finasteride works by blocking the action of the 5α-reductase enzyme, which prevents the conversion of testosterone into DHT. It primarily inhibits type II and III isoenzymes, resulting in a significant reduction of serum DHT levels (approximately 65-70%) and a substantial decrease in prostate DHT levels (up to 85-90%). Unlike triple inhibitors that target all three 5α-reductase isoenzymes, such as dutasteride, finasteride does not completely suppress DHT production due to its limited impact on the type I isoenzyme.

By diminishing DHT production, finasteride minimizes androgenic activity in the scalp and reduces prostate volume, leading to a decrease in prostatic hyperplasia and a lowered risk of prostate cancer.

Furthermore, inhibiting 5α-reductase reduces the weight of the epididymis, as well as the motility and normal morphology of spermatozoa within it. Finasteride is officially approved for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and hair loss, and its applications will be discussed in detail.

Purposes of use - Prostate enlargement

Finasteride is commonly prescribed to address prostate hypertrophy. It can alleviate symptoms related to reduced and painful urine flow. While providing better symptomatic relief compared to alpha-1 blockers like tamsulosin, the effects of finasteride may take six months or more to become evident. Long-term studies have shown that finasteride, but not alpha-1 inhibitors, can reduce the risk of acute urinary retention (by 57% after four years) and the need for surgery (by 54% after four years). When discontinuing the medication, prostate changes usually revert within 6-8 months.

Purposes of use - Hair loss

In men, finasteride is used to treat androgenetic alopecia (male pattern baldness). While it cannot fully restore lost hair, it effectively slows down further hair loss and provides around a 30% improvement in hair density after six months of treatment. However, its efficacy is contingent upon continuous use. Donald Trump's personal doctor has stated that Trump uses finasteride to promote hair growth.

Purposes of use - Excessive hair growth

Finasteride has also demonstrated effectiveness in treating hirsutism, which involves excessive hair growth on the face or body. In a study involving 89 women with hyperandrogenemia caused by persistent puberty syndrome, finasteride resulted in a 93% reduction in facial hirsutism and a 73% reduction in body hirsutism after two years of treatment. Other studies examining the use of finasteride for hirsutism, including in men, have shown positive outcomes.

Purposes of use - Transgender transition

Due to its antiandrogenic properties, finasteride is occasionally employed in hormone replacement therapy for transgender women in conjunction with a form of estrogen.

Doping status

Finasteride was banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency between 2005 and 2009 due to its potential to mask steroid abuse. However, advancements in testing methods rendered the ban unnecessary, and it was subsequently removed from the prohibited substances list in 2009.

Application in sports

Finasteride is used to inhibit the 5α-reductase enzyme and mitigate the adverse effects of its interaction with steroid hormones like testosterone. Individuals using steroids may utilize finasteride to minimize androgenic side effects, particularly when striving for an aesthetically pleasing appearance required in modeling or acting fields.

Moreover, athletes who fear virilization but employ testosterone as a doping agent often turn to finasteride to reduce androgenic side effects. However, it is important to consider the warning below. Notably, it is not only testosterone that undergoes transformation upon interaction with 5α-reductase.

Thus, the relatively unknown drug finasteride can serve as a valuable tool for well-informed athletes!

Effects

Treatment of prostate adenoma
Treatment for androgenetic alopecia
Treatment of excess body hair
Reduction of excess DHT

Side effects

Decreased libido
Decreased ejaculate volume
Gynecomastia
Allergic reactions: possible skin rash, angioedema

Warnings

Finasteride should be used cautiously in individuals with liver failure.

It is contraindicated for use in women during or prior to pregnancy due to the risk of fetal birth defects. The FDA classifies it as pregnancy category X.

Additionally, nandrolone and one of its metabolites, 5α-Dihydronandrolone, can induce side effects in the brain. 5α-DHN is a major metabolite of nandrolone formed by the actions of the enzyme 5α-reductase, akin to the formation of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) from testosterone. Although 5α-DHN is a much weaker agonist of the androgen receptor (AR) compared to nandrolone itself, it blocks the AR for an extended duration, leading to a higher incidence of negative side effects. Combining nandrolone with a 5α-reductase inhibitor like finasteride can prevent the conversion of nandrolone into 5α-DHN, thereby significantly increasing nandrolone's propensity for causing androgenic side effects.

Dosage